SpaceX Falcon Heavy boosts X-37B rocketplane into space


Kicking off a sky-lighting launch doubleheader, a powerful SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket vaulted away from the Kennedy Space Center on Tuesday atop a torrent of flaming exhaust to put an unpiloted X-37B spaceplane into orbit for a classified, long-duration military mission.

At the nearby Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, another team of SpaceX engineers was counting down to launch of a workhorse single-core Falcon 9 rocket loaded with 23 Starlink internet satellites. The two flights marked the California rocket builder’s 95th and, if all goes well, 96th Falcon family flights so far this year.

A SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket climbs away from historic pad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center Thursday evening carrying an unpiloted X-37B spaceplane for the U.S. Space Force. / Credit: William Harwood/CBS News

The Falcon Heavy did its part, putting on a spectacular show for area residents and tourists as its 27 Merlin engines, nine in each of three strapped-together Falcon 9 boosters, ignited with a rush of flame and a ground-shaking roar at 8:07 p.m. EST.

The rocket then climbed away from the Kennedy Space Center atop more than 5 million pounds of thrust and lined up on a northeasterly trajectory, rapidly accelerating as the engines consumed propellants and the vehicle lost weight.

The launching originally was scheduled for Dec. 10, but the flight was delayed by predicted bad weather and then by trouble with ground equipment. The rocket was hauled off the launch pad and back to a SpaceX hangar for subsequent work. It was rolled back out to pad 39A on Wednesday.

This time around, it was clear sailing. The two side boosters, each making their fifth flight, helped power the vehicle out of the dense lower atmosphere before falling away from the core stage two-and-a-half minutes after launch. They immediately flipped around, reversed course and headed back toward the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.

Heralded by window-rattling sonic booms, both boosters settled to picture-perfect touchdowns, the 40th and 41st to land in Florida. Overall, SpaceX has now successfully recovered 258 first stage boosters.

The central core stage’s nine engines continued firing for a minute and a half after the two strap-ons separated before it, too, shut down and separated from the Falcon Heavy’s second stage. Unlike the side boosters, the core stage was expected to use up all of its propellant and no recovery was planned.

No details about the second stage’s climb to the spaceplane’s intended orbit were released. As usual with such classified military missions, SpaceX ended its launch commentary after the side booster landings about eight-and-a-half minutes after liftoff.

With the Falcon Heavy off the ground, SpaceX engineers at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station pressed ahead with plans to launch the single-core Falcon 9 and its payload of 23 Starlink satellites.

Going into the flight, SpaceX had launched 5,627 Starlinks in 131 flights dating back to May 2019. Of the total launched to date, space statistician Jonathan McDowell said 5,211 were presumed functional. Thursday’s planned flight would boost the total number of Starlink launches so far this year to 63.

The Falcon Heavy chalked up the rocket’s ninth flight while the X-37B is making that program’s seventh.

An artist's impression of the X-37B spaceplane in orbit with a solar array extending from its compact payload bay. / Credit: Boeing

An artist’s impression of the X-37B spaceplane in orbit with a solar array extending from its compact payload bay. / Credit: Boeing

Two virtually identical X-37B Orbital Test Vehicles, or OTVs, are operated by the Pentagon’s Rapid Capabilities Office for the U.S. Space Force. The vehicles are designed to serve as test beds for avionics and advanced sensors, to evaluate reusable spacecraft components and to provide a platform for experiments that can be returned to Earth for analysis.

The Boeing-built X-37B looks a bit like a miniature space shuttle, complete with delta wings, heat shield tiles and a compact payload bay. Unlike NASA’s space shuttle, which relied on fuel cells for power in orbit, the X-37B is equipped with an extendable solar array that allows extremely long flights.

The compact orbiters are designed to end their missions with runway landings at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California or the Kennedy Space Center in Florida using 3-mile-long runways originally built for the space shuttle.

The most recent flight of an X-37B began with launch atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket on May 17, 2020. It ended Nov. 12, 2022, with touchdown at the Kennedy Space Center after 908 days and 21 hours in space.

Through the program’s six previous flights dating back to the first launch in April 2010, the two X-37Bs logged a combined 10.3 years in space. The planned duration of the latest mission has not been announced.

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